A Fuzzy Rule-Based Model for Remote Monitoring of Preterm in the Intensive Care Unit of Hospitals

The use of Remote patient monitoring (RPM) systems to monitor critically ill patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) has enabled quality and real-time healthcare management. Fuzzy logic as an approach to designing RPM systems provides a means for encapsulating the subjective decision-making process of medical experts in an algorithm suitable for computer implementation. In this paper, a remote monitoring system for preterm in neonatal ICU incubators is modeled and simulated. The model was designed with 4 input variables (body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen level saturation), and 1 output variable (action performed represented as ACT). ACT decides whether an alert is generated or not and also determines the message displayed when a notification is required. ACT classifies the clinical priority of the monitored preterm into 5 different fields: code blue, code red, code yellow, code green, and code black. The model was simulated using a fuzzy logic toolbox of MATLAB R2015A. About 216 IF_THEN rules were formulated to monitor the inputs data fed into the model. The performance of the model was evaluated using the confusion matrix to determine the model’s accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and false alarm rate. The experimental results obtained shows that the fuzzy-based system is capable of producing satisfactory results when used for monitoring and classifying the clinical statuses of neonates in ICU incubators.

An Audit on Overnight Transfusion Practice in A Teaching Hospital in Malaysia

@#Introduction: Overnight transfusion (OT) is the blood transfusion taking place from 9pm to 8am. During this period, patients are exposed to increased risk of errors. This cross-sectional study aims to determine the incidence and practice of OT in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. Materials & Methods: Data from all OT in June and mid-July 2017 were collected from recipients’ cards, transfusion request forms and patient’s case files, regarding discipline involved, indications, time intervals from request of blood transfusion to the completion of OT on patients, monitoring of patients and adverse reactions. Results: A total of 1285 transfusion cases were identified during the study period. 216 (16.8%) cases were OT while the 1069 (83.2%) cases were non-OT. Surgery discipline has the highest (30.1%) OT. The indications of OT were acute clinical need: 82.9%, less acute clinical need: 13.9% and no clinical need: 3.2%. A huge delay (average: 5 hours 40 minutes) in starting transfusion after grouping and crossmatching (GXM) completion was noted. Besides, 25.9% cases took >4 hours to complete OT; 83.4% cases did not have proper transfusion monitoring and three transfusion reactions were reported. Discussion: Although most of the OT cases had appropriate clinical indications, the transfusion can be commenced earlier at day time rather than overnight. Cases without absolute indication should avoid OT. The poor monitoring of patient during OT had posed risks to patients’ life if an adverse transfusion reaction happened. The major reason for OTs was a huge delay in starting transfusion after the GXM completion. The contravention of 4-hour infusion rule increased the patients’ risk of developing bacterial sepsis. The practice of OT should be discouraged wherever possible except for clinically indicated cases.

Evaluación del desempeño del APACHE II y SAPS III, en una unidad de cuidados intensivos / Performance evaluation of APACHE II and SAPS III in an intensive care unit / Avaliação de desempenho do APACHE II e SAPS III, em unidade de terapia intensiva

RESUMEN Objetivo El objetivo principal de este trabajo, fue validar y comparar la capacidad predictiva de mortalidad de los indicadores de gravedad APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, Score II) y SAPS III (Simplified Acute Physiology, Score III) en una muestra de pacientes admitidos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Adulto (UCI) del Hospital de Curicó, entre los años 2011 y 2013. Materiales y Métodos Estudio analítico, observacional de cohorte histórica de casos consecutivos desde la admisión a la UCI hasta el egreso hospitalario. Para el análisis, se usó el Modelo de Regresión Logística Binaria. De un total de 1 042 pacientes ingresados a la UCI, se incluyó a 793 pacientes sobrevivientes, y a 249 pacientes fallecidos, que representaban el 76,1% y 23,9% respectivamente, del total. Resultados El SAPS III presenta mejor capacidad predictiva que el APACHE II, según el área bajo la curva de características operativas del receptor 0,81 y 0,80 respectivamente. La sensibilidad para el modelo SAPS III es 0,95 y para APACHE II es 0,93. El índice de especificidad es 0,3 para el SAPS III y 0,4 para el APACHE II, con probabilidad superior a 0,5. Conclusión Los indicadores de predicción de mortalidad en UCI; APACHE II y SAPS III tienen una buena capacidad predictiva general, pero ambos indicadores presentan una baja especificidad.(AU)

ABSTRACT Objective The main objective of this work was to validate and compare the predictive capacity of mortality of the severity score systems APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, Score II) and SAPS III (Simplified Acute Physiology, Score III) in a sample of patients admitted to the Adult Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Hospital de Curicó between 2011 and 2013. Materials and Methods Analytical, observational, retrospective cohort study of consecutive cases since admission to the ICU until hospital discharge. A binary logistic regression model was used for the analysis. Out of 1 042 patients admitted to the ICU, 793 surviving patients and 249 deceased patients were included, representing 76.1% and 23.9%, respectively, of the total sample. Results The SAPS III score has a better predictive capacity than the APACHE II, according to the area under the curve and the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.81 and 0.80, respectively. Sensitivity for the SAPS III model was 0.95 and for APACHE II was 0.93. The specificity index was 0.3 for SAPS III and 0.4 for APACHE II, with a probability above 0.5. Conclusion APACHE II and SAPS III, as ICU mortality prediction indicators, have a good predictive power but low specificity.(AU)

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi validar e comparar a capacidade preditiva de mortalidade dos sistemas de escore de gravidade APACHE II (Fisiologia Aguda e Avaliação Crônica de Saúde, Escore II) e SAPS III (Fisiologia Aguda Simplificada, Escore III) em uma amostra de pacientes internado na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto (UTI) do Hospital de Curicó entre 2011 e 2013. Materiais e métodos Estudo de coorte analítico, observacional e retrospectivo de casos consecutivos desde a admissão na UTI até a alta hospitalar. Um modelo de regressão logística binária foi usado para a análise. Dos 1.042 pacientes admitidos na UTI, foram incluídos 793 pacientes sobreviventes e 249 falecidos, representando 76,1% e 23,9%, respectivamente, do total da amostra. Resultados O escore SAPS III tem melhor capacidade preditiva do que o APACHE II, de acordo com a área sob a curva e a curva de característica de operação do receptor: 0,81 e 0,80, respectivamente. A sensibilidade para o modelo SAPS III foi de 0,95 e para APACHE II foi de 0,93. O índice de especificidade foi de 0,3 para SAPS III e 0,4 para APACHE II, com probabilidade superior a 0,5. Conclusão APACHE II e SAPS III, como indicadores de predição de mortalidade em UTI, apresentam bom poder preditivo, mas baixa especificidade.(AU)

Cystic Fibrosis Cloud database: Un sistema informático para el almacenamiento y manejo de datos clínicos y microbiológicos del paciente con fibrosis quística / Cystic Fibrosis Cloud database: An information system for storage and management of clinical and microbiological data of cystic fibrosis patients

El manejo clínico y epidemiológico de los pacientes con fibrosis quística (FQ) con exacerbaciones pulmonares agudas o infecciones pulmonares crónicas demanda una actualización permanente de procedimientos médicos y microbiológicos, estos se asocian con la constante evolución de los agentes patógenos durante la colonización de su hospedador. Para poder monitorear la dinámica de estos procesos es fundamental disponer de sistemas expertos que permitan almacenar, extraer y utilizar la información generada a partir de estudios realizados sobre el paciente y los microorganismos aislados de aquel. En este trabajo hemos diseñado y desarrollado una base de datos on-line basada en un sistema informático que permite el almacenamiento, el manejo y la visualización de la información proveniente de estudios clínicos y de análisis microbiológicos de bacterias obtenidas del tracto respiratorio del paciente con FQ. Este sistema informático fue designado como Cystic Fibrosis Cloud database (CFC database) y está disponible en el sitio http://servoy.infocomsa.com/cfc_database. Está compuesto por una base de datos principal y una interfaz on-line, la cual emplea la arquitectura de productos Servoy basada en tecnología Java. Si bien el sistema CFC database puede ser implementado como un programa local de uso privado en los centros de asistencia a pacientes con FQ, admite también la posibilidad de ser empleado, actualizado y compartido por diferentes usuarios, quienes pueden acceder a la información almacenada de manera ordenada, práctica y segura. La implementación del CFC database podría tener una gran impacto en la monitorización de las infecciones respiratorias, la prevención de exacerbaciones, la detección de organismos emergentes y la adecuación de las estrategias de control de infecciones pulmonares en pacientes con FQ

The epidemiological and clinical management of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients suffering from acute pulmonary exacerbations or chronic lung infections demands continuous updating of medical and microbiological processes associated with the constant evolution of pathogens during host colonization. In order to monitor the dynamics of these processes, it is essential to have expert systems capable of storing and subsequently extracting the information generated from different studies of the patients and microorganisms isolated from them. In this work we have designed and developed an on-line database based on an information system that allows to store, manage and visualize data from clinical studies and microbiological analysis of bacteria obtained from the respiratory tract of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. The information system, named Cystic Fibrosis Cloud database is available on the http://servoy.infocomsa.com/cfc_database site and is composed of a main database and a web-based interface, which uses Servoy's product architecture based on Java technology. Although the CFC database system can be implemented as a local program for private use in CF centers, it can also be used, updated and shared by different users who can access the stored information in a systematic, practical and safe manner. The implementation of the CFC database could have a significant impact on the monitoring of respiratory infections, the prevention of exacerbations, the detection of emerging organisms, and the adequacy of control strategies for lung infections in CF patients

Effect of a transdisciplinary team approach for safety management of patient monitoring systems : The activity of Saitama Citizens Medical Center Monitor Alarm Control Team / 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌

Recently, there have been many reports of monitor alarm-related accidents, and we believe this is due to alarm fatigue. To solve this problem, we established a transdisciplinary monitor alarm control team (MACT) at our hospital and conducted an intervention study for the Cardiovascular Department ward. We evaluated the number of alarms before and after the intervention and found that the number of alarms decreased from 1,263.4±453.4 before the intervention to 264.1±128.4 after the intervention.

Wi-Bio: management policy aimed at the establishment of networks for patient monitoring using IEEE 802.11

INTRODUCTION: Patient monitoring will tend to decline in the coming years due to a shortage of physical and human resources in hospitals. Therefore, several studies define alternatives to improve patient monitoring using wireless networks. In these studies, a wireless network is used to transfer data generated by medical sensors without interacting with the traffic in the data network of the hospital. However, this approach should be avoided because there are demands for integration between user applications and patient monitoring. Therefore, this paper defines a patient monitoring system, called Wi-Bio, directed to the establishment of IEEE 802.11 networks that allows traffic generated by user applications. METHODS: The formal validation of Wi-Bio was made through the design of Petri nets, and performance analysis was performed through simulations of the Network Simulator 2 tool. The adoption of this approach is justified by the fact that Petri nets allow verification of logical correctness of the designed systems, while simulations allow behavioral analysis of Wi-Bio in overload scenarios where many patients are monitored. RESULTS: The results confirmed the validity of the designed Petri nets and showed that Wi-Bio is able to accomplish the temporal goals imposed by medical sensors, thereby promoting efficient integration of traffic present in the data network and the patient monitoring network. CONCLUSION: As described, Wi-Bio fulfilled its objectives and motivates future studies aimed at complementing the obtained results.

Um anjo para ELA: arquitetura baseada em visão computacional aplicada ao monitoramento on-line de parâmetros respiratórios de pacientes com Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA) em ambiente hospitalar / An angel for ALS: architecture based on computer vision applied for on-line monitoring respiratory parameters of patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in hospital environment

INTRODUÇÃO: A Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA) é uma doença neurodegenerativa, caracterizada por uma progressiva e fatal perda de neurônios motores do córtex cerebral, tronco encefálico e medula espinhal, mas que mantém preservada a atividade intelectual e cognitiva do paciente. Pacientes acometidos por essa doença irão invariavelmente necessitar do auxílio de ventiladores mecânicos. MÉTODOS: Foi utilizado um conjunto de hardware e software para realizar o monitoramento dos parâmetros respiratórios dos pacientes em leitos hospitalares como forma de auxiliar à equipe de saúde. O monitoramento desses parâmetros deu-se por meio de uma webcam, que capturava os valores exibidos na tela do ventilador mecânico, e do emprego de técnicas de visão computacional e Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Neste sentido, o sistema foi testado sob três condições de luminosidade diferentes para verificar a eficácia do mesmo. RESULTADOS: O sistema apresentou uma média geral de acertos de 94.90%. Além disso, quando a interferência luminosa foi mínima, o sistema obteve uma média geral de acertos de 97,76%. CONCLUSÃO: A adoção de um sistema computacional baseado em visão computacional para auxílio da equipe de saúde no monitoramento hospitalar de pacientes com ELA mostrou-se satisfatória. No entanto, a pesquisa mostrou que a adoção de um sistema com maior imunidade à interferências luminosas externas tende a apresentar melhores resultados.

INTRODUCTION: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive and fatal loss of motor neurons in the cerebral cortex, brainstem and spinal cord. In spite of that, the patient's intellectual and cognitive activity remains preserved. Patients affected by this disease will invariably need the help of mechanical ventilators. METHODS: A set of hardware and software was used to perform the monitoring of respiratory parameters of patients in hospital beds as a means of assisting the healthcare team. The monitoring of these parameters was performed by a webcam that captured the values displayed on the screen of the ventilator, and the employment of computer vision techniques and Optical Character Recognition (OCR). In this sense, the system was tested under three different lighting conditions to verify its effectiveness. RESULTS:The system presented an overall average of 94.90% of correct answers. Furthermore, when the luminous interference was minimum, it achieved an overall average of success of 97.76%. CONCLUSION: The adoption of a computational system based on computer vision to aid the healthcare team in hospital monitoring of patients with ALS was satisfactory. However, the research has shown that the adoption of a system with greater immunity to external light interference tends to achieve better results.

Modelo arquitetural para geração de alertas aplicado ao monitoramento de pacientes em ambiente hospitalar / Architectural model for generating alerts applied to the monitoring of patients in a hospital environment

O aumento nas demandas por gerenciamento, controle e monitoramento das informações na área da automação hospitalar tem promovido um maior volume de pesquisas que são indutoras do processo de inovação tecnológica na área da saúde. Neste contexto, um aspecto considerado importante na automatização do monitoramento de pacientes consiste na eficiência em detectar e informar em tempo hábil as anomalias encontradas nos sinais vitais dos pacientes. O procedimento de notificar as ocorrências dessas anomalias à equipe médica pode ser implementado por meio da geração e envio de alertas (sonoros ou visuais). Verificando a relevância desse tipo de demanda no ambiente hospitalar, o presente artigo descreve uma arquitetura que tem como fundamento a geração e o envio de alertas, cujos dados são advindos de pacientes internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). A premissa foi, portanto, otimizar o processo de comunicação das anomalias detectadas de modo que a equipe médica responsável seja notificada de tais eventos de maneira mais eficiente. A arquitetura de comunicação, definida para o ambiente hospitalar, baseou-se em estudos realizados na UTI do Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL). Tais estudos possibilitaram uma análise de requisitos que permitiu definir um gerador de alertas personalizados, e o envio desses para dispositivos móveis das equipes médicas. O processo de envio dos alertas foi baseado em um algoritmo de escalonamento de tempo real, fazendo uso de um middleware e de computação móvel e distribuída, sendo esses os aspectos inovadores dessa arquitetura.

The increase in demand for the management, control and monitoring of information in hospitals has promoted a greater volume of research that induces the process of technological innovation in healthcare. In this context, an important aspect to consider in the automation of patient monitoring is the efficiency to detect and report anomalies in patients’  vital signs in a timely manner. The procedure for notifying the medical staff of these anomalies can be implemented by generating and sending alerts (either audible or visual). Noting the relevance of this demand in the hospital environment, this paper describes an architecture based on the generation and transmission of alerts, whose data are coming from patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU). The premise was therefore to optimize the procedure for reporting deficiencies so that the medical staff in charge is notified of such events more efficiently. The communication architecture in hospitals, used in this paper, was based on studies conducted at the ICU of the University Hospital Onofre Lopes (HUOL). These studies allowed an analysis of requirements that lead to the definition of a generator of custom alerts, and the sending of these alerts to mobile devices kept by medical staff. The process of sending those alerts was based on a real time scheduling algorithm making use of a middleware and both mobile and distributed computing, which are the innovative aspects of this architecture.

Prototype of a computer system for managing data and video colonoscopy exams

OBJECTIVE: Develop a prototype using computer resources to optimize the management process of clinical information and video colonoscopy exams. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Through meetings with medical and computer experts, the following requirements were defined: management of information about medical professionals, patients and exams; video and image captured by video colonoscopes during the exam, and the availability of these videos and images on the Web for further analysis. The technologies used were Java, Flex, JBoss, Red5, JBoss SEAM, MySQL and Flamingo. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The prototype contributed to the area of colonocospy by providing resources to maintain the patients' history, tests and images from video colonoscopies. The web-based application allows greater flexibility to physicians and specialists. The resources for remote analysis of data and tests can help doctors and patients in the examination and diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The implemented prototype has contributed to improve colonoscopy-related processes. Future activities include the prototype deployment in the Service of Coloproctology and the utilization of this model to allow real-time monitoring of these exams and knowledge extraction from such structured database using artificial intelligence. (AU)

OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um protótipo por meio de recursos computacionais para a otimização de processos de gerenciamento de informações clínicas e de exames de videocolonoscopia. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Por meio de reuniões com especialistas médicos e computacionais, definiram-se os seguintes requisitos: gestão de informações sobre profissionais médicos, pacientes e exames complementares; aquisição dos vídeos e captura de imagens a partir do videocolonoscópio durante a realização desse exame, e a disponibilidade por meio da Web para análise posterior dessas imagens. As tecnologias aplicadas foram: Java, Flex, JBOSS, Red5, JBOSS SEAM, MySQL e Flamingo. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: O protótipo contribuiu para a área de colonocospia disponibilizando recursos para manutenção de histórico de pacientes, exames e imagens. O acesso à aplicação, por meio de browser, permite maior flexibilidade aos médicos e especialistas. Os recursos para análise remota de dados e exames podem auxiliar médicos e pacientes na realização de exames e diagnósticos. CONCLUSÃO: O protótipo implementado contribuiu para melhoria de processos relacionados a exames de videocolonoscopia. Trabalhos futuros incluem implantação do protótipo no serviço de coloproctologia, bem como a extensão do modelo para o acompanhamento dos exames em tempo real e extração de conhecimento dessa base de dados estruturada por meio de inteligência artificial. (AU)

Opportunity for improvement in monitoring of dermatological patients by nurses

Background Nursing progress notes in Selayang Hospital was found to be non-compliance according to Malaysian local accreditation bodies in 2007. In June 2008, Department of Dermatology were assigned with dedicated nurses. Aim To look into the quality of monitoring of Dermatology patients by nurses which is reflected by the content in nursing progress notes before and after being taught by Dermatology nurses. Methodology A retrospective comparative audit of the quality of nursing progress notes in ward patients that required Dermatology management in May 2006 and May 2009 in Selayang Hospital was performed. Parameters assessed include the patient’s general condition, skin symptoms and signs, alerting doctor whenever there is change in skin condition and nursing intervention. Exclusion criteria include documentation by the same nurse at different times. Results 325 nursing progress notes were reviewed in 2006 and also in 2009. 70% of nurses described the symptoms and signs of skin lesions at that point of time in 2009 whereas only 5% of nurses did that in 2006. Documentation of intervention performed for the current skin lesions in 2009 and 2006 were 81% and 48% respectively. Only 4% of nurses informed doctor on finding a change in skin condition 2006 as compared to 71% in 2009. Conclusion The audit shows that designated skin nurses can assist the ward nurses to improve their clinical documentation.

Validity, reliability and applicability of Portuguese versions of sedation-agitation scales among critically ill patients / Validade, confiabilidade e aplicabilidade das versões em português de escalas de sedação e agitação em pacientes críticos

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Sedation scales are used to guide sedation protocols in intensive care units (ICUs). However, no sedation scale in Portuguese has ever been evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of Portuguese translations of four sedation-agitation scales, among critically ill patients: Glasgow Coma Score, Ramsay, Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) and Sedation-Agitation Scale (SAS). DESIGN AND SETTING: Validation study in two mixed ICUs of a university hospital. METHODS: All scales were applied to 29 patients by four different critical care team members (nurse, physiotherapist, senior critical care physician and critical care resident). We tested each scale for interrater reliability and for validity, by correlations between them. Interrater agreement was measured using weighted kappa (k) and correlations used Spearman's test. RESULTS: 136 observations were made on 29 patients. All scales had at least substantial agreement (weighted k 0.68-0.90). RASS (weighted k 0.82-0.87) and SAS (weighted k 0.83-0.90) had the best agreement. All scales had a good and significant correlation with each other. CONCLUSIONS: All scales demonstrated good interrater reliability and were comparable. RASS and SAS showed the best correlations and the best agreement results in all professional categories. All these characteristics make RASS and SAS good scales for use at the bedside, to evaluate sedation-agitation among critically ill patients in terms of validity, reliability and applicability.

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Escalas de sedação são usadas para guiar protocolos de sedação em unidades de terapia intensiva. Entretanto, nenhuma escala em português foi avaliada. O objetivo foi avaliar, quanto a validade e confiabilidade, quatro escalas de sedação/agitação (Glasgow, Ramsay, Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale, RASS, e Sedation-Agitation Scale, SAS) traduzidas ao português em pacientes de terapia intensiva. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo de validação em duas UTIs de hospital universitário. MÉTODOS: Todas as escalas foram aplicadas a 29 pacientes por quatro membros da equipe multiprofissional (uma enfermeira, um fisioterapeuta, um médico intensivista e um residente de medicina intensiva). Cada escala foi testada para confiabilidade interobservador e para validade, usando-se a correlação entre elas. A concordância foi medida pelo kappa ponderado e as correlações foram feitas pelo teste de Spearman. RESULTADOS: Todas as escalas tiveram uma concordância substancial (k ponderado 0,68-0,90). As escalas RASS (k ponderado 0,82-0,87) e SAS (k ponderado 0,83-0,90) tiveram a melhor concordância. Todas as escalas tiveram concordância boa e significante entre elas. CONCLUSÕES: Todas as escalas tiveram boa concordância interobservador e foram comparáveis entre elas. As escalas RASS e SAS tiveram a melhor correlação entre elas e os melhores resultados de concordância entre as categorias multiprofissionais. Estas características fazem com que as escalas RASS e SAS sejam boas para a avaliação de sedação e agitação de pacientes críticos em termos de validade, confiabilidade e aplicabilidade.

Design and development of Remote ECG Monitoring System / 医疗卫生装备

Along with the development of modern communication technology,remote patient monitoring,especially remote ECG monitoring is widely applied in medical field.The history of remote ECG monitoring is introduced,and then a Remote ECG Monitoring System which has been applied in our hospital is mainly present,including the system structure,the design of ECG acquisition and the design of acquisition station.

The Patient Monitoring Information ARS. Call System / 대한의료정보학회지

This study is to develop a system which offers the auto-response and the auto-call about the patient monitoring information of the heart rate, NIBP, SpO2 and overall status from a patient monitor to registered users. After detecting a dial tone by a developed ARS and confirming a registered user, this system offers the information of a required patient by ARS voice. If a user registered to an auto-calling service, this system can offer a patient monitoring information automatically and periodically for a user' s setting to a user' s hand-phone or beeper by the voice or the number. Additionally, when the patient' s emergency situation to happen, this system calls the emergency state to an registered user' s hand-phone or beeper by the voice or the number. All of the information of patient monitoring is managed by the SQL database system for easy to the data extraction and the service of the statistical information effectively.